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| Virtual crime ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Virtual crime
Virtual crime or in-game crime refers to a virtual criminal act that takes place in a massively multiplayer online game (MMOG), usually an MMORPG. The huge time and effort invested into such games can lead online "crime" to spill over into real world crime, and even blur the distinctions between the two. Some countries have introduced special police investigation units to cover such "virtual crimes". South Korea is one such country and looked into 22,000 cases in the first six months of 2003.〔Ward, Mark. "(Does virtual crime need real justice? )" at BBC News, (September 29, 2003)〕
==Meaning==
Several interpretations of the term "virtual crime" exist. Some legal scholars opt for a definition based on a report written by freelance journalist Julian Dibbell on what was the first prominent case, "a rape in cyberspace."〔Julian Dibbell, A Rape in Cyberspace, Village Voice, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 51 (December 21, 1993)〕 One such scholar defined virtual crime as needing to have all the qualities of a real crime, and so was not a new subset of crime at all.〔Susan W. Brenner, Is There Such a Thing as "Virtual Crime?”, 4 Cal. Crim. Law Rev. 1,105-11 (2001)〕 Conversely, it has also been said that the connection between virtual crimes and real crimes are "tenuous at best: It is the link between a brutal rape and a fictional story of a brutal rape. Surely the difference is more striking than any similarity."〔Kerr, Problem of Perspective at 372-73 n.66〕
To rectify this, the modern interpretation of the term "virtual" must be amended such that it carries the traditional implication; "that is such in essence or effect, though not recognised as such in name or according to strict definition."〔OED〕 In this sense, it "would include those crimes that somehow evoke and approach the effect and essence of real crime, but are not considered crimes."〔Cf. Brenner, Virtual Crime, 4 Cal. Crim. Law Rev. 1 at ¶125-27〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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